An immature digestive system or poor
valve closure (pyloric sphincter) in the upper end of the stomach is responsible for your baby spitting up mucus or milk. While it is normal for babies to spit up occasionally, it may be a cause for concern if it happens quite often. However, many factors can cause it to happen often, and it can be treated based on the underlying cause. Read this post to know why your baby spits up mucus and some management options for this condition. While it is normal for babies to spit up mucus or milk occasionally, you should be concerned if it becomes a repeated occurrence (more than a few times a day). If the mucus contains traces of blood, or you spot signs of distress in your baby, seek medical attention. So, what could be the possible reasons behind babies spitting up mucus? Read the next section to
find out. It could be concerning to see your baby spit up milk or mucus, but this is a common occurrence until they are 12 months old. They could spit up a clear liquid or regurgitate food that is milky white. This could be due to their immature digestive system. However, there could be other reasons as well. Let’s find out. As your baby’s digestive system is
underdeveloped, it may struggle to handle extra food. So, if you overfeed your baby, they might spit up or vomit the excess food. If your baby vomits, do not force-feed them to compensate for the vomited food, as it would only lead to more
vomiting. Sometimes, you might find your baby spitting up clear liquid just after feeding. You might also find spit-ups that are white, milky, or clear after they burp. This could be due to their developing digestive system. Image: Shutterstock Babies
usually start teething between six and twelve months. It can cause major discomfort for the baby. One of the common symptoms of teething is drooling. The salivary reflex is stimulated by eruptions of teeth during teething, which results in excess production of saliva
(1). Sometimes, babies can also spit up the excess saliva in the form of a clear liquid. In case your baby spits up more than usual while teething, look out for occasional coughing or gagging and skin rashes around the mouth, cheeks, chin, and neck area (2). 4. Gastroesophageal reflux (GER)GER is a condition in which the contents of the stomach flow back into the esophagus. It generally occurs due to the underdeveloped lower esophageal sphincter in babies. The condition occurs in 40–65% of infants between the ages of one and four months. In the case of GER, you would notice your baby spitting up mucus and vomiting due to the forceful expulsion of gastric material from the mouth. Besides spitting up and vomiting, if your baby cries excessively (colic), has trouble swallowing, feels irritable after feeding, or gags continuously, it could be GER (3). 5. Pyloric stenosisThis is a condition of the gastrointestinal tract that may cause your baby to spit up and vomit. In pyloric stenosis, the lower part of the stomach that connects the intestines (pylorus) narrows, preventing the food from the stomach from entering the small intestine. This condition affects three out of 1,000 babies in the U.S., and male babies are four times at a higher risk of developing it than female babies. Babies with pyloric stenosis are not born with it but develop it between three and five weeks of life. Although the exact cause is unknown, it is seen in babies whose mothers took antibiotics during the end of pregnancy or breastfeeding. Along with spitting, you may also notice projectile vomiting, which is characterized by the forceful ejection of breast milk or formula from the mouth, fewer and smaller stools, failure to gain weight, and lethargy (4). 6. Throat infectionsSometimes, throat infections can also lead to the spitting up of mucus in babies. One such infection is epiglottitis, a severe infection of the flap of tissue above the vocal cords. It generally covers the windpipe during swallowing. Along with drooling and spitting, this condition also causes severe sore throat and fever (5). Note that your baby requires emergency care if they have this condition, as it could shut off the airway. How To Stop A Baby From Spitting Up MucusSpitting up mucus or milk is normal in babies and does not need any special attention. It might subside once your baby’s digestive system matures to handle the food. However, if your baby often spits up and shows additional symptoms, consider following the tips mentioned below.
Image: Shutterstock
Image: Shutterstock When To Call Your Doctor?Call your doctor if (6)
Image: Shutterstock
Image: Shutterstock 1. What does it mean when a baby is spitting and coughing up mucus? Coughing up and spitting mucus can signify lower respiratory tract infections such as bronchitis. This can be caused by a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in infants. High fever and other symptoms can be associated with productive cough in case of pneumonia or more severe infections (7). 2. What does a baby spitting up green mucus mean? Green mucus indicates that the white blood cells fight against the pathogen, causing infection. Usually, the green mucus becomes clear in a few days. If your baby is coughing up green mucus for more than a few days, they may require antibiotic treatment as per the pediatrician’s prescription (8). 3. Why does my baby persistently spit up mucus? There can be various reasons for a baby to spit up mucus continuously. Swallowing excess mucus due to allergies and infections can make the baby spit up mucus. Spitting up mucus may resolve as the baby grows older and their digestive system matures. An immature digestive system could result in the baby spitting up mucus. It is normal if it happens occasionally. However, frequent spitting up may indicate underlying problems. While a few of the reasons could be harmless, like teething or overfeeding, other reasons such as GERD or throat infections could cause complications if not treated promptly. Talk to a pediatrician regarding the causes of the spitting and make changes in their feeding pattern accordingly. With these changes, the spitting up might subside on its own. However, if you notice any other concerning signs, consult a doctor for prompt medical attention. Infographic: More About Laryngomalacia In InfantsCertain malformations in the nose, mouth, or throat may cause breathing difficulties in your baby, making them gasp for air. Laryngomalacia is a congenital condition that is the most common cause of noisy breathing in babies. The infographic below explains the causes, symptoms, and treatment of the condition. Illustration: MomJunction Design Team Key Pointers
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Dr. Bisny T. Joseph is a Georgian Board-certified physician. She has completed her professional graduate degree as a medical doctor from Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia. She has 3+ years of experience in various sectors of medical affairs as a physician, medical reviewer, medical writer, health coach, and Q&A expert. Her interest in digital medical education and patient education made... more Dr. Richard Mario Lurshay is a young and talented pediatrician, well known for his work with children. After completing his post-graduation in Pediatrics, he completed his training in Pediatric Nutrition from Boston University School of Medicine (USA). He is an esteemed Life Member of National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS), National Neonatology Forum (NNF) and Indian Academy of Paediatrics (IAP).... more Why is my baby spitting up white mucus?Sometimes this is just partially digested formula or breast milk combined with saliva. Whether it is white or clear, a little spit-up or drool after a feed is normal.
What does thick white spit up mean?Spit-up may appear curdled if your baby hasn't digested milk from feeding. This isn't always a health concern, but it's important to pay attention to any changes in your baby's spit-up. Talk to your baby's doctor if you are concerned about your baby's spit-up or have questions about healthy feeding alternatives.
What causes thick spit up?Dehydration: Thick saliva can simply be a result of dehydration, which can be cause by drinking too little water, or breathing through your mouth rather than through your nose.
When should I be concerned about baby spit up?Contact your baby's doctor if your baby: Isn't gaining weight. Spits up forcefully. Spits up green or yellow fluid.
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