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OpenStax Organizational Behavior
Terms in this set (50)
_______ is a term often used to describe comprehensive efforts to monitor and improve all aspects of quality within a firm.
Ethics, Robotics, Expert systems, TQM, CIMS
TQM
In the changing workforce, the percentage of American-born workers in the workplace is dropping.
true/false
True
Uncertainty has often been called the only constant in life.
true/false
false
While there have been many attempts to provide a differentiation between leadership and management, they are the same thing.
true/false
false
A concern of micro-organizational behavior is the behavior of individuals and groups.
true/false
true
Which of these best define the moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of an activity?
Ethics, Alienation, Expert Systems, TQM, CIMS
Ethics
A general level of management is considered by all but one of the following:
Executives
First-line management
Middle Management
Systems Management
All of these are considered general levels of management.
Systems management
Which of these refers to the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes?
Technology
Organizational
design
Industrial competitiveness
Alienation
Ethics
Technology
Human relations skills involve the ability to work with people and understand employee motivation and group processes.
True/False
True
_______ is a formal methodology that identifies dysfunctional aspects of workflow, procedures, structures and systems, and then realigns them to fit current business goals and develops plans to implement change.
Organizational theory
Management
Micro-organizational behavior
Ethics
Organizational theory
Work cannot provide social status within a community setting.
True/false
false
_______ is primarily concerned with the behavior of individuals and groups.
Organizational theory
Management
Micro-organizational behavior
Ethics
Macro-organizational behavior
Micro-organizational behavior
Situational determinants include factors such as stature, health, and sex that often act as constraints on personal growth and development.
True/ False
false
Over time, values tend to be unstable.
true/false
false
Which of the following refers to the ability to make continuous anticipatory motor adjustments in speed and direction to follow a continuously moving target?
Equilibrium
Rate control
Response orientation
Manual dexterity
Control precision
Rate control
Six dimensions that help distinguish different cultures were identified by Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck.
True/false
true
Which of these refers to the values that help us determine appropriate standards of behavior and place limits on our behavior both inside and outside the organization?
Locus of control
Authoritarianism
Ethics
Dogmatism
Dependability
Ethics
Less deterministic is the cognitive system of people with _______ levels of cognitive complexity.
high
low
unstable
severe
neutral
high
Which of the following is NOT a dimension of mental abilities?
Verbal comprehension
Number aptitude
Spatial aptitude
Locus of control
Perceptual speed
locus of control
Which of the following describe an individual's intellectual capabilities and are closely linked to how a person makes decisions and processes information?
Psychomotor abilities
Extroversion
Mental abilities
Locus of control
Physical abilities
Mental abilities
Anchored in external conditions is the behavior of people with _____ cognitive complexity.
high
low
extreme
stable
neutral
low
Perhaps the most important influences on personal development are _____ determinants.
cultural
physiological
role
situational
family and social group
family and social group
Research finds that appropriate standards of behavior are not determined by values but by organizational training.
True
False
false
The basic congruity thesis was proposed by Chris Argyris.
True
False
false
The only way to understand people is through culture.
True
False
true
The view developed by Pfeffer and Salancik, asserts that attitudes result from "socially constructed realities" as perceived by the individual.
True/False
true
A dimension of job satisfaction is found in which of the following?
Co-workers
Supervision
Pay
All of the above
None of the above
all of the above
________ represents a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one's job or job experience.
Job involvement
Organizational commitment
Job satisfaction
Team involvement
Job consistency
job satisfaction
A major influence on how we perceive others is represented by self-concept.
True
False
true
The _______ approach to explain how attitudes are formed was offered by Barry Staw.
predispositional
dispositional
behavioral
value
situational
dispositional
________ refers to the extent to which a person is interested in and committed to assigned tasks.
Job involvement
Organizational commitment
Job satisfaction
Organizational involvement
Job consistency
job involvement
The influence of positive arbitrary biases is called the _______.
response disposition
perceptual organization
cognitive dissonance
halo effect
horn effect
halo effect
An example of perceptual defense is
acceptance with repentance.
t/f
false
Interestingly, no predispositions are found in attitudes.
t/f
false
The relative strength of an individual's identification with an involvement in an organization is represented by organizational __________.
structure
commitment
satisfaction
involvement
consistency
organizational commitment
The process by which attributes are assigned to people solely on the basis of their class or category is ________.
selective perception
stereotyping
perceptual defense
attribution
self-serving bias
sterotyping
_________ is the most obvious dynamic property.
Motion
Silence
Speech
Repetition
Brevity
motion
An important aspect one needs to understand about attitude is that it is a multidimensional concept.
t/f
false
The effects of reinforcements on desired behaviors are the major focuses of operant conditioning.
t/f
true
A major criticism of classical conditioning is that it does not explain any aspect of total human learning.
t/f
true
In _____, the unconditioned stimulus, acting as a sort of reward, is administered during every trial. In contrast, in ______ the reward results only when individuals choose the correct response.
operant conditioning; classical conditioning
classical conditioning; vicarious learning
classical conditioning; operant conditioning
vicarious learning; classical conditioning
operant conditioning; vicarious learning
classical conditioning; operant conditioning
People associate verbal or visual stimuli with the problem of _______ coding.
speech
systematic
symbolic
noticeable
behavioral
symbolic coding
A learning approach that relies on the individual to take the initiative in controlling the change process is behavioral self-management.
t/f
true
Which of these describes the use of operant conditioning principles to shape your own behavior to conform to desired standards defined by superiors?
Classical conditioning
Behavioral self-management
Coaching
Substitution
Extinction
Behavioral self-management
The fixed-ratio schedule is when the reward is administered only upon the completion of a given number of desired responses.
t/f
true
Under which schedule of reinforcement, the reward is administered only upon the completion of a given number of desired responses?
Operant-interval
Fixed-interval
Fixed-ratio
Variable ratio
Variable interval
Fixed-ratio
Which of the following defines the process whereby a stimulus-response bond is developed between a conditioned stimulus and a conditioned response through the repeated linking of a conditioned stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus?
Avoidance learning
Classical conditioning
Behavior modification
Operant conditioning
Vicarious learning
Classical conditioning
According to ______ law of effect, behavior that is rewarded is less likely to be repeated, whereas behavior that is punished is unlikely to be repeated.
Upjohn's
Hiller's
Thorndike's
Humboldt's
Skinner's
Thorndike's
Which of these represents the final step in a behavior modification program?
Conduct a performance audit
Set specific behavioral goals
Establish behavioral criteria
Evaluate results
Administer feedback and rewards
Administer feedback and rewards
A relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience is a definition of
learning.
t/f
true
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