The crime of the ages who did it

In 1919 Sebuh Aguni chronicled the large-scale plunder, deportations, and massacres that were systematically perpetrated by the Turkish government in its effort to exterminate the Armenian population of Turkey. The Crime of the Ages - the first English translation of Aguni's study - is an invaluable work of historiography as it encompasses not only first-hand victim accounts of the Turkish atrocities, but a wealth of evidential information culled from Turkish, European, and American official sources. Brimming with the eloquent, vivid narrative of a journalist and survivor, The Crime of the Ages portrays, in prodigious documentary detail, one of history's most heinous crimes, the Genocide of the Armenians.

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The Crime of the Ages-Who Did It?
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Presentation on theme: "The Crime of the Ages—Who Did It?"— Presentation transcript:

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The Crime of the Ages-Who Did It?

Ms. S

7 years ago

3438 views

Do you want to create similar content?

Presentation on theme: "The Crime of the Ages—Who Did It?"— Presentation transcript:

1 The Crime of the Ages—Who Did It?
Source: John McCutcheon, The Chicago Tribune; H. H. Windsor, Cartoons Magazine (adapted)

2 WWI The War to End All Wars

3 Long-term Causes MAIN Militarism Alliance System
Industrial Revolution/ Imperialism Nationalism

5 Militarism Imperialism and nationalism led to increased production of goods and economic stability in the European countries, which resulted in an arms race. The aggressive attitude of this policy drove them into producing more weaponry, such as strong navies and armored vehicles.

6 Alliance System The alliances of Europe were formed for protection against each other. However, the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance very quickly took aggressive postures towards one another. This is due in large part to the lack of any global organization designed to promote peace among the nations of the world. The Triple Entente Central Powers: Germany, Austro- Hungarian Empire, and Ottoman Empire Triple Alliance Allied Powers: France, Britain, and Russia

7 Industrial Revolution/ Imperialism
The Industrial Revolution led to an intense competition between European countries for resources. The competition led to imperialism European countries divided up Africa and Asia to strengthen the political and economic power of the mother country. This resulted in competition among European countries.

8 Nationalism Nationalism was both a uniting force and a divisive one. It resulted in Germany and Italy uniting into strong nations, and also caused the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary. As nationalism weakened the Ottoman Empire, the Slavic peoples of the Balkan region struggled to free themselves from Ottoman control. Serbia declared independence in 1878, allying themselves to Russia. Serbia then wanted to unite with Bosnia and Herzegovina, which were controlled by Austria-Hungary. Serbia could count on Russia's support, and Austria-Hungary could count on Germany's. Because of the high tensions in this area, the Balkans became known as the "Powder Keg of Europe." All that was needed to ignite the world into war was a spark.

9 Read/ Review page 239 What role did nationalism and imperialism play in causing WWI?

10 Page 240 How did ethnic diversity contribute to the war?

11 The Spark: The Immediate Cause
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by Serbian Nationalist/ Terrorist Organization known as the Black Hand. In 1914, Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife were visiting Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Gavrilo Princip, of the Serbian nationalist group called the Black Hand, assassinated the Archduke and his wife. Austria- Hungary made threats to Serbia, whom they blamed for the assassination. Russia supported Serbia, and readied their military for war. Germany declared war on Russia, and on France, Russia's ally. Germany then invaded Belgium as a prelude to invading France. This resulted in Great Britain declaring war on Germany, which was the start of World War I.

12 Page 241 Study the graphic organizer and review the chain reaction of events that occurred in Which nation or group do you think was most to blame for World War I? Explain.

13 Theaters of War Western Front Eastern Front
Middle East (Ottoman Empire)

14 CRW Nevinson, Returning to the Trenches

15 Trench Warfare along Western front stalemate- see page 686. All Quiet on the Western Front Source: wordpress.com Source:

16 Eastern Front Russia was not industrialized not prepared for war Revolution

17 Middle East- The Arab Revolt
TE Lawrence, a British soldier who had studied Arabia, was commissioned to unite Arab tribes to fight the Turks during WWI. In exchange, the Arabs were promised self- rule in Arabia, under of Prince Feisal, a direct descendant of the Prophet Mohammed. (Scenes…) The problem- the people of Arabia did not see themselves as Arabs, but instead as members of their own tribe, of which there were hundreds of Bedu tribes in Arabia tribalism. Lawrence had to get them to work together (Scenes…)

18 Middle East- The Arab Revolt
Lawrence realizes that he cannot expect to teach the Arabs how to fight like the English, but that guerrilla warfare would work best (hit and run surprise attacks against the Turkish supply lines) (Scenes…)

19 Middle East- The Arab Revolt
Prince Feisal and Lawrence learn of the Sykes-Picot Agreement Britain and France planned to take over the Ottoman lands after WWI, and not give the Arabs self-rule/ independence. (Scene…) Lawrence tries to get the Arabs to work together so the British cannot control them, but it is too late (Scene…) Prince Feisal secures land for his tribe, but The French take back Syria, the Heshemites get Iraq and Jordan, but the fate of the Middle East is sealed constant fighting for the last 80 years. (Scene…)

20 Technology and WWI What new weapons were introduced?
What impact did they have on the way the war was fought? What impact did the use of these new weapons have on the aftermath of the war?

21 Weapons of WWI r9o

22 Sign out an i-pad Open google classroom Open today’s assignment Review documents Answer all questions in google doc to turn in

23 Technology and WWI- Review
What new weapons were introduced? What impact did they have on the way the war was fought? What impact did the use of these new weapons have on the aftermath of the war?

24 Did you know…. Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, regretted that his invention was used for war…In his will he set up the Nobel Peace Prize to be awarded to those who worked for peace.

25 Review pages including chart. What impact did innovations in science and technology have on WWI? Explain. Give example.

26 1917 Russia pulls out of war because of Russian Revolution
US enters war after Zimmerman Telegram and the Sinking of the Lusitania turns the tide of war

27 Zimmerman Telegram In 1915, German ambassador Zimmerman sent a secret telegram to Mexico asking them to attack the US keep them busy while the Germans win the war in Europe

28 Sinking of the Lusitania
The Germans sank a British ship carrying American passengers, and weapons, to Great Britain US declares war on Germany turns tide of war

29 243 Summarize, in your own words, why the US entered WWI.

30 Campaign to Victory The US entered the war in late 1917 by 1918, 2 million US soldiers were in Europe fresh troops and American $ helped turn the tide As it became obvious the Allies were going to win, the Germans rose up against the kaiser, forcing him to abdicate his throne In Austria- Hungary, the multi-ethnic empire collapsed

31 Armistice Day The new German government sought an armistice at the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month of 1918, the war came to an end. (Nov. 11, 1918) Armistice Day What do we call/ celebrate on November 11th?

32 The “Peace” Peace Conference was held in Paris at the Palace of Versailles. Treaty of Versailles The “Big Four” (Britain, France, Italy, and US)- drafted a peace treaty, the Treaty of Versailles. President Wilson of US had plan to keep the peace, The 14 Points: International peace organization: The League of Nations Self Determination for colonies

33 The “Peace” Pres. Wilson of US tried to ensure peace, but Britain and France wanted revenge forced Germany to accept total responsibility for the war, pay huge reparations, and give up a large amount of land.

34 The Effects Communist Revolution in Russia
Germany forced to take responsibility for war, give up its colonies, and pay reparations Germany is angry and wants revenge. Italy is angry because it didn’t get what it was promised by Britain and France. Armenian Genocide in Ottoman Empire Arabs in Middle East are angry because they were not granted independence. Mid East Peace Crisis which still continues today Collapse of Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian Empires Modern Republic of Turkey , Austria, Hungary, and Yugoslavia established.

35 8.Totalitarian governments come to power in countries that were and angry over WWI weakened (Italy and Germany) 9. League of Nations is established, but is weak and ineffectual 10. Great Depression 11. WWII

36 Why WWI Still Matters May 4, 2009

37 Read and answer… How many people died in WWI?
List three present day problems connected to WWI How did the harsh terms of the treaty of Versailles lead to WWII? How did the British construction of Iraq lead to future wars there, wars that are still going on today? How is the conflict between Israelis and Palestinians connected to British imperialism (mandate)? How did WWI lead to the Vietnam War?

38 Think about this… Prince Clemens von Metternich (Congress of Vienna) once said that “when Paris sneezes, Europe catches cold”… In other words, when France is upset, all of Europe has to go to war… France wanted WWI to start because they wanted revenge for their loss in the Franco- Prussian War. When WWI ended, the peace treaty is signed in Paris, at Versailles, where all the conflicts in modern history can be traced back to…

39 If Louis XIV hadn’t built the palace…
Would France have been in debt? Would the French Revolution have occurred? Would Napoleon have come to power, unleashing nationalism across Europe? Would Prussia (Germany) have wanted revenge on France? Would the Franco-Prussian War have occurred? Would France have wanted revenge against Germany? Would WWI have happened? And where does it all end…back at the Palace of Versailles

40 Credits Information adapted from Regentsprep.org
Metcalf, Adam. "RegentsPrep: Global History: Conflict: World Wars." Regents Prep Oswego County School District. 11 Jan < /conflict/worldwars.cfm>.