What best describes the Industrial Revolution quizlet?

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Terms in this set (36)

medical anesthetic used to relieve pain when being operated on

anesthetic

taking away land and combining the small land to make larger farms

enclosure

perfected the steam engine

James Watt

Removing iron from its ore

smelt

Which statement best describes the Industrial Revolution

there was a gradual change in the way people lived and worked

The Industrial Revolution began in

Britain

Charles Townshend and Jethro Tull were

developers of new agriculture techniques

What is one way agriculture contributed to population growth

it created a surplus of food

How did enclosure affect British farmers

Many farmers lost farms and moved to cities

What was one of the major uses of high quality iron

to make railroads

money used to invest

capital

cottage industry

putting out system

someone who assumes the risk of starting a business

entrepreneur

a type of business organization

enterprise

Invented the cotton gin

Eli Whitney

For what two reasons did the Industrial Revolution begin in Britain

Britain had plentiful natural resources and easy access to the sea

what effect did new machine technology have on the putting-out system?

it ended the putting-out system

the flying shuttle and spinning jenny were technological advances in

the textile industry

in transportation, steam power was used to operate

locomotives

movement of people to cities

Urbanization

small apartments where most poor workers lived

tenement

union of workers they often wanted change

labor union

what caused the growth of cities during the Industrial Revolution

need for factory workers

those who benefited most from the industrial revolution were

entrepreneurs

Luddites, who smashed machines in britain, were groups of

textile workers

why did factory owners often prefer to hire women

women could be paid less then men

what was one hazard of working in textile factories

air filled with lent

in the 1830s and 1840s, british inspectors made sure that

labor laws were followed

one positive effect of the industrial revolution was

a rise in wages

a political ideology of a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism

social democracy

saw history as a series of class struggles

Karl Marx

the working class

proletariat

system in which the people, not the government, own and operate businesses.

socialism

"the greatest happiness for the greatest number" is a focus of

utilitarianism

utopian who supported labor unions

robert owen

advocated the idea that the goal of society should be "the greatest happiness for the greatest number" of its citizens.

jeremy bentham

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Which best describe the Industrial Revolution?

The Industrial Revolution shifted from an agrarian economy to a manufacturing economy where products were no longer made solely by hand but by machines. This led to increased production and efficiency, lower prices, more goods, improved wages, and migration from rural areas to urban areas.

How is the Industrial Revolution best defined quizlet?

How is the Industrial Revolution best defined? a period of rapid growth during which machines became essential to industry.