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Terms in this set (17)Sedimentary Rocks formed by the accumulation of sediments. There are three basic types of sedimentary rocks. Clastic sedimentary rocks such as breccia, conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and shale are formed from mechanical weathering debris. Chemical sedimentary rocks, such as rock salt, iron ore, chert, flint, some dolomites, and some limestones, form when dissolved materials precipitate from solution. Organic sedimentary rocks such as coal, some dolomites, and some limestones, form from the accumulation of plant or animal debris. Breccia clastic sedimentary rock that is composed of large (over two-millimeter diameter) angular fragments. The spaces between the large fragments can be filled with a matrix of smaller particles or a mineral cement which binds the rock together. Chert microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline sedimentary rock material composed of silicon dioxide (SiO2). It occurs as nodules and concretionary masses, and less frequently as a layered deposit. It breaks with a conchoidal fracture, often producing very sharp edges. Early people took advantage of how chert breaks and used it to fashion cutting tools and weapons. Coal organic sedimentary rock that forms mainly from plant debris. The plant debris usually accumulates in a swamp environment. Coal is combustible and is often mined for use as a fuel. Conglomerate clastic sedimentary rock that contains large (greater than two millimeters in diameter) rounded particles. The space between the pebbles is generally filled with smaller particles and/or a chemical cement that binds the rock together. Dolomite (also known as "dolostone" and "dolomite rock") is a chemical sedimentary rock that is very similar to limestone. It is thought to form when limestone or lime mud is modified by magnesium-rich ground water. Flint hard, tough, chemical or biochemical sedimentary rock that breaks with a conchoidal fracture. It is a form of microcrystalline quartz that is typically called "chert" by geologists. It often forms as nodules in sedimentary rocks such as chalk and marine limestones. Iron Ore chemical sedimentary rock that forms when iron and oxygen (and sometimes other substances) combine in solution and deposit as a sediment. Hematite (shown) is the most common sedimentary iron ore mineral. Limestone rock that is composed primarily of calcium carbonate. It can form organically from the accumulation of shell, coral, algal, and fecal debris. It can also form chemically from the precipitation of calcium carbonate from lake or ocean water. Limestone is used in many ways. Some of the most common are: production of cement, crushed stone, and acid neutralization. Oil Shale rock that contains significant amounts of organic material in the form of kerogen. Up to 1/3 of the rock can be solid organic material. Liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons can be extracted from the oil shale, but the rock must be heated and/or treated with solvents. This is usually much less efficient than drilling rocks that will yield oil or gas directly into a well. Rock Salt chemical sedimentary rock that forms from the evaporation of ocean or saline lake waters. It is also known by the mineral name "halite." It is rarely found at Earth's surface, except in areas of very arid climate. It is often mined for use in the chemical industry or for use as a winter highway treatment. Some halite is processed for use as a seasoning for food. Sandstone clastic sedimentary rock made up mainly of sand-size (1/16 to 2 millimeter diameter) weathering debris. Environments where large amounts of sand can accumulate include beaches, deserts, flood plains, and deltas. Shale clastic sedimentary rock that is made up of clay-size (less than 1/256 millimeter in diameter) weathering debris. It typically breaks into thin flat pieces. Siltstone clastic sedimentary rock that forms from silt-size (between 1/256 and 1/16 millimeter diameter) weathering debris. Sets with similar termsChapter 6: Sedimentary Rocks60 terms WesCha42 Chapter 1332 terms rebecca_luebeck Rocks and Minerals60 terms MJAB8 Ch 633 terms ayrobichaux Sets found in the same folderIgneous Rocks16 terms josh_straight Metamorphic Rocks14 terms josh_straight Other sets by this creatorChemistry (GS)15 terms josh_straight Physical Science (GS)48 terms josh_straight Solar System (GS)20 terms josh_straight Meteorology (GS)13 terms josh_straight Verified questions
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EARTH SCIENCE What can you infer about a moon that exhibits retrograde motion? Verified answer Other Quizlet setsped resp ppt 620 terms mconway47 Nationalism30 terms Matt_Williams_School HIS101 Chapter 529 terms sayurivelazco Related questionsQUESTION In what tectonic setting does dynamo thermal or regional metamorphism take place? 3 answers QUESTION What characteristics are common to all chordates? 15 answers QUESTION If you were to stretch the crust (which would create a passageway for magma to come up), what type of magma should you expect? 3 answers QUESTION natural glass is NOT considered a mineral because it --- 15 answers What is an example of a sedimentary rock?Common sedimentary rocks include sandstone, limestone, and shale. These rocks often start as sediments carried in rivers and deposited in lakes and oceans. When buried, the sediments lose water and become cemented to form rock.
What is sedimentary rock quizlet?Sedimentary Rock. a rock that forms from compressed or cemented layers of sediment. Weathering. the process in which wind, water, ice, or other forces break a rock into sediments (break rocks into smaller pieces)
What is the name of sedimentary rock quizlet?There are three basic types of sedimentary rocks. such as breccia, conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and shale are formed from mechanical weathering debris.
Which is the best example of sedimentary rock?One of the best-known clastic sedimentary rocks is sandstone. Sandstone is formed from layers of sandy sediment that is compacted and lithified. Chemical sedimentary rocks can be found in many places, from the ocean to deserts to caves.
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What is an example of sedimentary rock quizlet?
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