When was third Round Table Conference held

There were 3 round table conferences between the time of 1930-1932. The first round table conference was started in the 1930’s November and the last one ended in December of 1932. These conferences were aimed to resolve the problems between Indian leaders and the British government . 

It was during the 1930’s that the British leaders thought of making India a self-governing state of the empire. The Indians wanted freedom instead. There were many disagreements among the British and Indian leaders which needed to be solved by the conferences but none of them worked and all the problems were not resolved . These three round table conferences mainly discussed the constitutional reforms of India. 

The Second Round Table Conference

The First Round Table Conference didn’t do so well as the Congress boycotted it. After some requests a settlement was brought between Gandhiji and the Viceroy Lord Irwin, known as the Gandhi-Irwin pact, which drew the Congress towards the Second Round Table Conference. 

The conference started from 7th September, 1931. At this time the Prime Minister of Britain was the same but now MacDonald was leading a coalition government with a majority along with making Samuel Hoare the new Secretary of India. 

Mahatma Gandhi had met MacDonald on the 7th November, 1931. This meeting was the reason for passing the Government of India Act 1935.

The main differences between the first and the second round table conference are :- 

• Representation of the Congress –

After the Gandhi-Irwin pact the Congress was invited to the conference for participation. Mahatma Gandhi was the only official congress representative who was invited and was accompanied by Sarojini Naidu. Gandhiji also told the Britishers that the untouchables were also Hindus and are not minorities. The Congress represented India as a whole. 

• Government of Britain –

There was a fall of the Labour government and the Conservative Party dominated the national government with Ramsay MacDonald being the Prime Minister. 

• Finances –

It was the time when Britain was facing some financial crunches and were seen sliding off the gold standard. 

At the end of the second round table conference Gandhi had to return disappointed as the pact he signed made it necessary for the Civil Disobedience Movement to stalled  and in return the prisoners would be freed other than those who had criminal charges of killing British officials . 

The Third Round Table Conference 

The Third round table conference was the last of them all. It was held on 17th November, 1932. After the disappointment faced by the Indian National Congress they decided to boycott the conference. Not only INC but also The Labour Party of Britain refused to attend the conference. 

The conference was left with only forty-six people who attended the conference with major political faces missing. It lasted from September of 1931 till March of 1933. This proposed some reformations in the Government of India Act 1935 . All these things were done under the supervision of Sir Samuel Hoare. 

Conclusion

The second round table conference and the third round table conference could have turned out to be more productive in resolving the disputes between the Indian National Congress and the Government of Britain. The regular disagreements between them during the conferences prohibited the conferences from resolving the problems. However, 3 round table conferences had been conducted within just 2 years which was from 1930-32.

First RTC

• The first Round Table Conference was held in London between November 1930 and January 1931 and was chaired by Ramsay MacDonald.

• This was the first conference arranged between the British and the Indians as equals.

• The Congress and some prominent business leaders refused to attend it.

• The Princely States, Muslim League, Justice Party, Hindu Mahasabha etc. attended it.

• Nothing much was achieved at the conference. The British government realized that the participation of the Indian National Congress was necessary in any discussion on the future of constitutional government in India.

Second RTC

• The second Round Table Conference was held in London from September 7, 1931 to December 1, 1931. By this time, Lord Irwin had been replaced by Lord Willingdon as viceroy in India.

• The Indian National Congress nominated Gandhi as its sole representative.

• There were a large number of Indian participants, besides the Congress. The Princely States, Muslim League, Justice Party, Hindu Mahasabha etc. attended it.

• The session got deadlocked on the question of the minorities. Separate electorates were being demanded by the Muslims, depressed classes, Christians and Anglo-Indians.

• All these came together in a ‘Minorities’ Pact’. Gandhi fought desperately against this concerted move to make all constitutional progress conditional on the solving of this issue.

• The lack of agreement among the many delegate groups meant that no substantial results regarding India’s constitutional future would come out of the conference.

• The government refused to concede the basic Indian demand of freedom. Gandhi returned to India and gave a call to resume the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Third RTC

• The third Round Table Conference, held between November 17, 1932 and December 24, 1932, was not attended by the Indian National Congress and Gandhi. It was ignored by most other Indian leaders

• Apart from princely states representatives like Aga Khan III, B.R. Ambedkar, Muhammad Iqbal, M.R. Jayakar, N.M. Joshi etc. were present.

• Again, like in the two previous conferences, little was achieved. The recommendations were published in a White Paper in March 1933 and debated in the British Parliament afterwards based on which Government of India Act 1935 was enacted.

• B.R. Ambedkar attended all the three round table conferences.

When was the 3rd Round Table Conference happened?

In which place third round table conference was held?

Who attended 3 Round Table Conference?

When was first Round Table Conference was held?