What is the largest computer network in the world that connects billions of computer users?

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The Internet is the largest computer network. It is composed of thousands of smaller networks and connects billions of devices worldwide, handling the majority of data communication that occurs on a daily basis.

The largest private network is the NIPRNet, owned by the U.S. Department of Defense for distribution of communications. It has data services that allow customers access to a large, centralized, protected network, mainly used by military support roles. NIPRNet is considered an Internet backbone, a high-bandwidth-capacity line of data between large, centrally located servers. Several sets of Internet backbones exist across regions, providing redundant pathways for data. Backbones are owned by commercial, educational, governmental and private holdings, and are often built for handling traffic between facilities and the public Internet.

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1 The Internet

2 The World’s largest computer network A world wide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions and Individuals.

3 Evolution of the Internet ARPA a networking project from the department of defense was the beginning of the internet we know today ARPANET became functional in September 1969 Started with 4 computers, one each at the University of California at Santa Barbara, Stanford, UCLA and the University of Utah By 1984 there were 1,000 computers connected today there are Billions of host computers

4 Internet Usage http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm

5 Who Owns the Internet No one owns the internet each organization is responsible for maintaining its own network The World Wide Web Consortium does however over see research and sets standards and guidelines.

6 Connecting to the Internet User’s can connect by Wire or Wirelessly

7 Popular Internet Service Technologies Wired Technologies Cable DSL Fiber optics Wireless Technologies Wi-Fi (Uses radio signals) Mobile Broadband Fixed Wireless Satellite Internet

8 Internet Service Providers Called ISP’s Provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet for free or a most commonly a Fee. Bandwidth- the amount of data that travels over a Network

9 IP Addresses IP – Internet Protocol A sequence of numbers that uniquely identifies the location of each computer or device connected to the Internet. Ex. 74.125.224.72 Extra Credit, Find out what website has the IP address 216.64.199.1221

10 Domain Names A text based name that corresponds to the IP address of a server that hosts a website. Ex. Google.com The suffix of a domain name called the top-level domain(TLD) identifies the type of organization. Examples of TLD’s.com – commercial organization.edu – educational institution.gov – government agency.mil – military organization.net - Network providers or commercial companies.org - Non-profit organizations

11 World Wide Web Emerged in the early 1990’s The WWW(World Wide Web) consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents. The Internet is the Network, the Web is what is on it. Webpage – an electronic document on the web. Website – a collection of related Webpages Web Server – is a computer that delivers requested webpages to your computer or mobile device

12 Web Addresses Also called URL’s URL – Uniform Resource Location Used by a web browser to retrieve webpages. Ex. Price.putnamschools.org

13 Search Engines Software that finds websites, images, videos, news, maps and other information Ex. Google, Bing, Ask.com, Yahoo Search, Other Examples http://www.ebizmba.com/articles/search- engines http://www.ebizmba.com/articles/search- engines

14 Search Engine Operators Space or + - Results have both words in any order OR – Results have either word from a list () combines search results that include specific words - excludes a word from a search result “ “ search for an exact phase in a certain order * substitute character’s in place of the asterisk

15 Improve Search Results Use specific Nouns Put the most important terms first in the search text List all possible spellings Read the search engines help information if available Try different search engines.

16 Types of Websites Social Networks Informational Media Sharing and Bookmarking Sites News, Weather, Sports Educational Business Governmental Organizational

17 Types of Websites Blogs Wikis Health and Science Entertainment Financial Travel and Mapping Careers and Employment E-Commerce Portals Web Publishing

18 Other Internet Services Email Chat Rooms Discussion Forums VoIP – Voice over IP FTP - File Transfer Protocol

19 Netiquette Netiquette is short for Internet etiquette The code of acceptable behaviors users should follow while on the internet.

20 Netiquette Guide Be Polite – Avoid offensive language Avoid sending or posting Flames (abusive or insulting messages) Be careful when using sarcasm and humor, as it might be misinterpreted Do not use all Capital Letters, which is the equivalent of SHOUTING! Use Emoticons Learn and use abbreviations Clearly identify a spoiler, which is a message that reveals an outcome to a game or ending to a movie or tv program Be forgiving of other’s mistakes Read the FAQ’s, if one exists. Use common sense

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