When two bodies A and B are in thermal equilibrium with a third body C then they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other?

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Both are at same temperature
Both have same heat but different temperature
There is flow of heat
None of these

the Boyle's law body C is also in thermal equilibrium with A
the Zeroth law body C is also in thermal equilibrium with A
the Joule's law body C is also in thermal equilibrium with B
the Charle's law body C is also in thermal equilibrium with A

Answer

Verified

Hint: The Zeroth law of thermodynamics will give a better insight to solve the question. Concepts of internal energy, heat and equilibrium should be revised. The extensive and intensive thermodynamic properties can be used to define different state functions used in thermodynamics.

Complete step by step solution:

An extensive thermodynamic property refers to the quantity whose value depends on the size of the system. For example: massIntensive properties refers to those physical quantities which don't depend on the size of the system. For example: density, pressure etc.A system is said to be in equilibrium if the macroscopic properties of the system remain constant with time. Macroscopic properties refers to the properties of the molecules which decides the pressure, volume, and temperature etc. of the system. There are three kinds of equilibrium:Mechanical Equilibrium: When a system has no unbalanced forces acting on or within it such that there is no net acceleration then the system is said to be in mechanical equilibrium.Material Equilibrium: When the concentrations of the chemical particles remain constant in time in various parts of the system then the system is in material equilibrium. There is no net chemical reaction occurring in the system.Thermal Equilibrium: There is no change in the properties of the system or surrounding when they are separated by a thermally conducting wall. In thermal equilibrium, temperature remains constant with time.According to zeroth law of thermodynamics, if two thermodynamic systems $A$ and $B$ are in thermal equilibrium with a third system say, $C$ , then the systems $A$ and $B$ are in thermal equilibrium with each other.Internal energy is the energy at the molecular level of the system and it is directly proportional to the temperature of the system. So to have two bodies in thermal equilibrium, their temperature must be equal and must be constant with time. As their temperature is the same, their internal energy must also be the same.

Therefore, option C is correct.

Note:

Zeroth law is formulated after the formulation of the first, second and third law of thermodynamics. But it was later realized that zeroth law should be there in order to define temperature as a state function. Also, the concept of equilibrium does not mean that the system is not interacting. It refers that after interaction, it reaches a steady state known as equilibrium.

When two bodies A and B are in thermal equilibrium, the temperature of A is temperature of B.A. greater thanB. lesser thanC. equal to

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