Answer the following question briefly.
Why does the Southern Hemisphere experience Winter and Summer Solstice in different times than that of the Northern Hemisphere?
When the North Pole is tilted towards the Sun, the Northern Hemisphere experiences Summer Solstice. At this time, since the South Pole is tilted away from the Sun, the Southern Hemisphere experiences Winter Solstice.
When the North Pole is tilted away from the Sun, the Northern Hemisphere experiences Winter Solstice. At this time, since the South Pole is tilted towards the Sun, the Southern Hemisphere experiences Summer Solstice.
Concept: Motions of the Earth
Is there an error in this question or solution?
It has been suggested that Xiazhi be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since January 2022. For other uses, see Summer solstice (disambiguation). UT date and time of The summer solstice, also called the estival solstice[3] or midsummer, occurs when one of Earth's poles has its maximum tilt toward the Sun. It happens twice yearly, once in each hemisphere (Northern and Southern). For that hemisphere, the summer solstice is the day with the longest period of daylight and shortest night of the year, when the Sun is at its highest position in the sky. Within the Arctic circle (for the Northern hemisphere) or Antarctic circle (for the Southern), there is continuous daylight around the summer solstice. The opposite event is the winter solstice.
equinoxes and solstices on Earth[1][2]event
equinox
solstice
equinox
solstice
month
March
June
September
December
year
day
time
day
time
day
time
day
time
2017
20
10:29
21
04:25
22
20:02
21
16:29
2018
20
16:15
21
10:07
23
01:54
21
22:22
2019
20
21:58
21
15:54
23
07:50
22
04:19
2020
20
03:50
20
21:43
22
13:31
21
10:03
2021
20
09:37
21
03:32
22
19:21
21
15:59
2022
20
15:33
21
09:14
23
01:04
21
21:48
2023
20
21:25
21
14:58
23
06:50
22
03:28
2024
20
03:07
20
20:51
22
12:44
21
09:20
2025
20
09:02
21
02:42
22
18:20
21
15:03
2026
20
14:46
21
08:25
23
00:06
21
20:50
2027
20
20:25
21
14:11
23
06:02
22
02:43
The summer solstice occurs during summer.[4] This is the June solstice (usually 20 or 21 June) in the Northern hemisphere[5][6] and the December solstice (usually 21 or 22 December) in the Southern.[7] On the summer solstice, Earth's maximum axial tilt toward the Sun is 23.44°.[8] Likewise, the Sun's declination from the celestial equator is 23.44°.
Since prehistory, the summer solstice has been seen as a significant time of year in many cultures, and has been marked by festivals and rituals. Traditionally, in many temperate regions (especially Europe), the summer solstice is seen as the middle of summer and referred to as "midsummer"; although today in some countries and calendars it is seen as the beginning of summer.
Further information: Equation of time
Diagram of Earth's seasons as seen from the north. Far left: summer solstice for the Northern Hemisphere. Front right: summer solstice for the Southern Hemisphere.
Although the summer solstice is the longest day of the year for that hemisphere, the dates of earliest sunrise and latest sunset vary by a few days.[9] This is because Earth orbits the Sun in an ellipse, and its orbital speed varies slightly during the year.[8]
Although the Sun appears at its highest altitude from the viewpoint of an observer in outer space or a terrestrial observer outside tropical latitudes, the highest altitude occurs on a different day for certain locations in the tropics, specifically those where the Sun is directly overhead (maximum 90 degrees elevation) at the subsolar point. This day occurs twice each year for all locations between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn because the overhead Sun appears to cross a given latitude once before the day of the solstice and once afterward. For example, Lahaina Noon occurs in May and July in Hawaii. See solstice article. For all observers, the apparent position of the noon Sun is at its most northerly point on the June solstice and most southerly on the December solstice.
The year 2016 was the first time in nearly 70 years that a full moon and the Northern Hemisphere's summer solstice occurred on the same day.[10] The 2016 summer solstice's full moon rose just as the Sun set.[11]
Main article: Midsummer
The significance given to the summer solstice has varied among cultures, but most recognize the event in some way with holidays, festivals, and rituals around that time with themes of religion or fertility.[12] For example, in Sweden, midsummer is one of the year's major holidays when the country closes down as much as during Christmas. In some regions, the summer solstice is seen as the beginning of summer and the end of spring. In other cultural conventions, the solstice occurs during summer.[13]
Summer solstice sunset over the Mojave Desert 7:54 p.m. PDT (19:54) June 20, 2016
Longreach, Queensland at mid-day of Summer Solstice (with respect to southern hemisphere) or Winter Solstice (with respect to Northern hemisphere), 22 December 2019. The town is on the Tropic of Capricorn (Shadow directly below the sign)
Solstice is derived from the Latin words sol (Sun) and sistere (to stand still).
- Midsummer
- Noc Kupały (Poland)
- Dragon Boat Festival (East Asia)
- Christmas typically marks the southern summer solstice.
- Saint John's Eve or June solstice celebration (Catalan countries)
- Day of Private Reflection (Northern Ireland)
- Jaanipäev (Estonia)
- Juhannus (Finland)
- Jāņi (Latvia)
- Rasos (Lithuania)
- National Indigenous Peoples Day (Canada)
- Tiregān (Iran)
- Fremont Solstice Parade (Fremont, Seattle, Washington, United States)
- Santa Barbara Summer Solstice Parade (Santa Barbara, California, United States)
- International Surfing Day
- International Yoga Day
- Fête de la Musique, also known as World Music Day
- Inti Raymi, Machu Picchu, Peru
- We Tripantu, (Mapuche, southern Chile)
- Willkakuti, an Andean-Amazonic New Year (Aymara)
The following tables contain information on the length of the day on 20 June 2016, close to the summer solstice of the Northern Hemisphere and winter solstice of the Southern Hemisphere. The data was collected from the website of the Finnish Meteorological Institute[14] as well as from certain other websites.[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]
The data is arranged geographically and within the tables from the longest day to the shortest one. Times that occur the next day (21 June) are marked with +.
Fennoscandia and the Baltic states | |||
Murmansk | — | — | 24 h |
Apatity | — | — | 24 h |
Bodø | — | — | 24 h |
Rovaniemi | — | — | 24 h |
Luleå | 1:00 | 0:05+ | 23 h 04 min |
Arkhangelsk | 1:34 | 23:04 | 21 h 30 min |
Reykjavík | 2:55 | 0:03+ | 21 h 08 min |
Trondheim | 3:02 | 23:37 | 20 h 35 min |
Tórshavn | 3:36 | 23:21 | 19 h 45 min |
Petrozavodsk | 2:55 | 22:33 | 19 h 38 min |
Helsinki | 3:54 | 22:49 | 18 h 55 min |
Saint Petersburg | 3:35 | 22:25 | 18 h 50 min |
Oslo | 3:53 | 22:43 | 18 h 49 min |
Tallinn | 4:03 | 22:42 | 18 h 39 min |
Stockholm | 3:30 | 22:07 | 18 h 37 min |
Riga | 4:29 | 22:21 | 17 h 52 min |
Copenhagen | 4:25 | 21:57 | 17 h 32 min |
Vilnius | 4:41 | 21:59 | 17 h 17 min |
Europe | |||
Edinburgh | 4:26 | 22:02 | 17 h 36 min |
Moscow | 3:44 | 21:17 | 17 h 33 min |
Berlin | 4:43 | 21:33 | 16 h 49 min |
Warsaw | 4:14 | 21:00 | 16 h 46 min |
London | 4:43 | 21:21 | 16 h 38 min |
Kyiv | 4:46 | 21:12 | 16 h 26 min |
Paris | 5:46 | 21:57 | 16 h 10 min |
Vienna | 4:53 | 20:58 | 16 h 04 min |
Budapest | 4:46 | 20:44 | 15 h 58 min |
Zürich | 5:29 | 21:25 | 15 h 56 min |
Rome | 5:34 | 20:48 | 15 h 13 min |
Madrid | 6:44 | 21:48 | 15 h 03 min |
Lisbon | 6:11 | 21:04 | 14 h 52 min |
Athens | 6:02 | 20:50 | 14 h 48 min |
Africa | |||
Cairo | 4:54 | 18:59 | 14 h 04 min |
Tenerife | 7:08 | 21:05 | 13 h 57 min |
Dakar | 6:41 | 19:41 | 12 h 59 min |
Addis Ababa | 6:07 | 18:46 | 12 h 38 min |
Nairobi | 6:32 | 18:35 | 12 h 02 min |
Kinshasa | 6:04 | 17:56 | 11 h 52 min |
Dar es Salaam | 6:32 | 18:16 | 11 h 43 min |
Luanda | 6:20 | 17:56 | 11 h 36 min |
Jamestown | 6:49 | 17:59 | 11 h 10 min |
Antananarivo | 6:21 | 17:21 | 10 h 59 min |
Windhoek | 6:30 | 17:15 | 10 h 44 min |
Johannesburg | 6:54 | 17:24 | 10 h 29 min |
Cape Town | 7:51 | 17:44 | 9 h 53 min |
Middle East | |||
Tehran | 5:48 | 20:23 | 14 h 34 min |
Beirut | 5:27 | 19:52 | 14 h 24 min |
Baghdad | 4:53 | 19:14 | 14 h 21 min |
Jerusalem | 5:33 | 19:47 | 14 h 13 min |
Manama | 4:45 | 18:32 | 13 h 46 min |
Doha | 4:44 | 18:26 | 13 h 42 min |
Dubai | 5:29 | 19:11 | 13 h 42 min |
Riyadh | 5:04 | 18:44 | 13 h 39 min |
Muscat | 5:19 | 18:55 | 13 h 35 min |
Sana'a | 5:33 | 18:35 | 13 h 02 min |
Americas | |||
Inuvik | — | — | 24 h |
Fairbanks | 2:57 | 00:47+ | 21 h 49 min |
Nuuk | 2:53 | 00:03+ | 21 h 09 min |
Iqaluit | 2:11 | 23:00 | 20 h 49 min |
Anchorage | 4:20 | 23:41 | 19 h 21 min |
Kodiak | 5:07 | 23:14 | 18 h 06 min |
Sitka | 4:06 | 22:00 | 17 h 54 min |
Unalaska | 6:34 | 23:41 | 17 h 06 min |
Edmonton | 5:04 | 22:07 | 17 h 02 min |
Winnipeg | 5:19 | 21:40 | 16 h 21 min |
Vancouver | 5:06 | 21:21 | 16 h 14 min |
Seattle | 5:11 | 21:10 | 15 h 59 min |
Ottawa | 5:14 | 20:54 | 15 h 40 min |
Toronto | 5:35 | 21:02 | 15 h 26 min |
New York | 5:24 | 20:30 | 15 h 05 min |
Washington, D.C. | 5:42 | 20:36 | 14 h 53 min |
Los Angeles | 5:42 | 20:07 | 14 h 25 min |
Miami | 6:30 | 20:14 | 13 h 44 min |
Havana | 6:44 | 20:17 | 13 h 33 min |
Honolulu | 5:50 | 19:16 | 13 h 25 min |
Mexico City | 6:59 | 20:17 | 13 h 18 min |
Managua | 5:21 | 18:11 | 12 h 50 min |
Bogotá | 5:46 | 18:09 | 12 h 23 min |
Quito | 6:12 | 18:19 | 12 h 06 min |
Lima | 6:27 | 17:52 | 11 h 24 min |
La Paz | 6:59 | 18:08 | 11 h 08 min |
Rio de Janeiro | 6:32 | 17:16 | 10 h 43 min |
São Paulo | 6:47 | 17:28 | 10 h 40 min |
Porto Alegre | 7:20 | 17:32 | 10 h 12 min |
Santiago | 7:46 | 17:42 | 9 h 56 min |
Buenos Aires | 8:00 | 17:50 | 9 h 49 min |
Ushuaia | 9:58 | 17:11 | 7 h 12 min |
Asia and Oceania | |||
Provideniya | 0:52 | 22:16 | 21 h 23 min |
Magadan | 3:37 | 22:19 | 18 h 41 min |
Petropavlovsk | 4:58 | 21:55 | 16 h 56 min |
Khabarovsk | 4:57 | 21:04 | 16 h 07 min |
Ulaanbaatar | 5:52 | 21:54 | 16 h 01 min |
Vladivostok | 5:32 | 20:55 | 15 h 22 min |
Beijing | 4:45 | 19:46 | 15 h 00 min |
Seoul | 5:11 | 19:56 | 14 h 46 min |
Tokyo | 4:25 | 19:00 | 14 h 34 min |
Shanghai | 4:50 | 19:01 | 14 h 10 min |
Lhasa | 6:55 | 20:58 | 14 h 03 min |
Delhi | 5:23 | 19:21 | 13 h 58 min |
Kathmandu | 5:08 | 19:02 | 13 h 53 min |
Taipei | 5:04 | 18:46 | 13 h 41 min |
Hong Kong | 5:39 | 19:09 | 13 h 30 min |
Manila | 5:27 | 18:27 | 12 h 59 min |
Bangkok | 5:51 | 18:47 | 12 h 56 min |
Singapore | 7:00 | 19:12 | 12 h 11 min |
Jakarta | 6:01 | 17:47 | 11 h 45 min |
Darwin | 7:06 | 18:29 | 11 h 23 min |
Papeete | 6:27 | 17:32 | 11 h 04 min |
Sydney | 6:59 | 16:53 | 9 h 53 min |
Auckland | 7:33 | 17:11 | 9 h 37 min |
Melbourne | 7:35 | 17:07 | 9 h 32 min |
Dunedin | 8:19 | 16:59 | 8 h 39 min |
Length of day increases from the equator towards the North Pole in the Northern Hemisphere in June (around the summer solstice there), but decreases towards the South Pole in the Southern Hemisphere at the time of the southern winter solstice.
- Daytime
- Stonehenge
- Tekufah
- Xiazhi (Summer solstice in Chinese culture)
- ^ Astronomical Applications Department of USNO. "Earth's Seasons - Equinoxes, Solstices, Perihelion, and Aphelion". Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ "Solstices and Equinoxes: 2001 to 2100". AstroPixels.com. 20 February 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
- ^ From the Latin aestīvus = summer.
- ^ "When does spring start?". Archived from the original on 2016-11-25. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ^ "The June Solstice". Time and Date AS. Archived from the original on 2012-02-04. Retrieved 2012-01-30.
- ^ "Solstice (astronomy)". Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on 2011-06-25. Retrieved 2011-06-20.
- ^ "December Solstice". Time and Date AS. Archived from the original on 2012-01-18. Retrieved 2012-01-30.
- ^ a b "The Long Story (USNO explanation)". Archived from the original on 18 June 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2017.
- ^ "US Naval Observatory: Sunrise and Sunset Times Near the Solstices". Archived from the original on 18 June 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2017.
- ^ "Full Moon and Winter Solstice coincide on the same day". The Old Farmer's Almanac. Archived from the original on 23 June 2016. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
- ^ "Full Moon and Summer Solstice coincide on the same day". The Old Farmer's Almanac. Archived from the original on 22 June 2016. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
- ^ "Summer solstice celebrations of Christianity, Judaism, Neopaganism, etc". Religioustolerance.org. Archived from the original on 2011-06-28. Retrieved 2011-06-20.
- ^ "The Astronomical vs. Meteorological Seasons". Archived from the original on 2016-11-14. Retrieved 2016-11-13.
- ^ "Paikallissää Helsinki" [‘Local weather in Helsinki’] (in Finnish). Finnish Meteorological Institute. 2016-06-20. Retrieved 2016-06-20.
- ^ "Jamestown, Saint Helena". Retrieved 2016-06-22.
- ^ "Fairbanks". Retrieved 2016-06-22.
- ^ "Nuuk". Retrieved 2016-06-22.
- ^ "Iqaluit". Retrieved 2016-06-22.
- ^ "Sitka". Retrieved 2016-06-22.
- ^ "Unalaska". Retrieved 2016-06-22.
- ^ "Provideniya". Retrieved 2016-06-22.
- ^ "Katmandu". Retrieved 2016-06-22.
- ^ "Edmonton, Canada". Retrieved 2016-06-22.
- ^ "Inuvik, Canada". Retrieved 2020-12-19.
- ^ "Winnipeg, Canada". Retrieved 2021-07-31.
- NeoProgrammics - Table of Northern/Southern Solstice Dates/Times From 1600–2400
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