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Terms in this set (21)
Protostar
a young star in the early stages of formation (nuclear fusion begins and it is officially classified as a star);
the 2nd step in the life cycle of ALL stars
Red giant
star's fuel begins to burn out, causing it to expand outward; the stage after Main Sequence for an average mass star (stage 4)
Main sequence
The longest part of a star's life - about 90% of all stars are in this stage (including our sun);
the third stage in the life cycle of ALL stars
Planetary nebula
a ring-shaped nebula formed by an expanding shell of gas around an aging star (step 5 in life cycle of an average mass star)
White dwarf
a star that has exhausted all of its nuclear fuel; planet sized and very dense (step 6 in life cycle of avgerage mass star)
Supernova
The stage of a high mass stars life (step 5) when it explodes to expand into space creating a burst of light and heat.
Neutron Star
Created when giant stars die in supernovas and their cores collapse, with the protons and electrons essentially melting into each other to form neutrons.
Black hole
An object whose gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape - step 6 in life cycle of extremely high mass star
Magnitude
The brightness of a star
Light year
the distance light travels in one year - about 5.88 trillion miles
Absolute Magnitude
How much light is actually given off by a star
Apparent Magnitude
how bright a star will appear to an observer on Earth
Luminosity
measure of a star's brightness
Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
Shows the brightness, absolute magnitude, color, temperature and class of a star
The Sun
It is located in the main sequence on the H-R diagram
Nuclear Fusion
Allows stars to produce energy through converting hydrogen to helium
8 minutes
The time it takes for the light from the Sun to reach Earth
Nebula
A large cloud of dust and gas in
space;
The first step in the life cycle of ALL stars
Black Dwarf
a dead star that no longer gives off light or heat (step 7 in life cycle of average mass star)
Red Supergiant
The stage in the life cycle of a massive star during which the star increases in size and becomes very bright. (step 4 for high mass stars)
Neutron Star
the very small, very dense remains of a dead high-mass star after a supernova (step 6)
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Flickr Creative Commons Images
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- Luminosity
- Nebula