Many infectious diseases have similar signs and symptoms. Samples of body fluids can sometimes reveal evidence of the particular microbe that's causing the illness. This helps the doctor tailor treatment. Show
Imaging scansImaging procedures — such as X-rays, computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging — can help pinpoint diagnoses and rule out other conditions that may be causing symptoms. BiopsiesDuring a biopsy, a tiny sample of tissue is taken from an internal organ for testing. For example, a biopsy of lung tissue can be checked for a variety of fungi that can cause a type of pneumonia. TreatmentKnowing what type of germ is causing your illness makes it easier for your doctor to choose appropriate treatment. AntibioticsAntibiotics are grouped into "families" of similar types. Bacteria also are put together in groups of similar types, such as streptococcus or E. coli. Certain types of bacteria are especially susceptible to particular classes of antibiotics. Treatment can be targeted more precisely if your doctor knows what type of bacteria you're infected with. Antibiotics are usually reserved for bacterial infections, because these types of drugs have no effect on illnesses caused by viruses. But sometimes it's difficult to tell which type of germ is at work. For example, pneumonia can be caused by a bacterium, a virus, a fungus or a parasite. The overuse of antibiotics has resulted in several types of bacteria developing resistance to one or more varieties of antibiotics. This makes these bacteria much more difficult to treat. AntiviralsDrugs have been developed to treat some, but not all, viruses. Examples include the viruses that cause:
AntifungalsTopical antifungal medications can be used to treat skin or nail infections caused by fungi. Some fungal infections, such as those affecting the lungs or the mucous membranes, can be treated with an oral antifungal. More-severe internal organ fungal infections, especially in people with weakened immune systems, may require intravenous antifungal medications. Anti-parasiticsSome diseases, including malaria, are caused by tiny parasites. While there are drugs to treat these diseases, some varieties of parasites have developed resistance to the drugs. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic Clinical trialsExplore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this condition. Lifestyle and home remediesMany infectious diseases, such as colds, will resolve on their own. Drink plenty of fluids and get lots of rest. Alternative medicineA number of products have claimed to help fend off common illnesses, such as the cold or flu. While some of these substances have appeared promising in early trials, follow-up studies may have had conflicting or inconclusive results. More research needs to be done. Some of the substances that have been studied for preventing or shortening the duration of infection include:
Check with your doctor before trying any products that promise to boost your immune system or chase colds and other illnesses away. Some of these products may cause allergic reactions or interact adversely with other medications you may be taking. Preparing for your appointmentYou'll probably first see your primary care doctor. Depending on the severity of your infection, as well as which of your organ systems is affected by the infection, your doctor may refer you to a specialist. For example, a dermatologist specializes in skin conditions, and a pulmonologist treats lung disorders. What you can doYou may want to write a list that includes:
Preparing a list of questions for your doctor will help you make the most of your time together. For infectious diseases, some basic questions to ask your doctor include:
What to expect from your doctorYour doctor is likely to ask you a number of questions, including:
By Mayo Clinic Staff Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic Symptoms & causesDoctors & departments Feb. 18, 2022 Share on: FacebookTwitter Show references
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AdvertisementMayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. Which of the following types of infections is typically treated with antibiotics a bacterial B fungal C protozoan?Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections.
What are the 4 types of infections?Infections are common. From ear infections and the flu to COVID-19, chances are we all have had at least one at some point. Viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections can all trigger sepsis.
Can viral infections be treated with antibiotics?When Antibiotics Aren't Needed. Antibiotics DO NOT work on viruses, such as those that cause colds, flu, or COVID-19. Antibiotics also are not needed for many sinus infections and some ear infections. When antibiotics aren't needed, they won't help you, and the side effects could still cause harm.
Which of the following is not treated with antibiotics?Antibiotics aren't effective against viral infections. This includes the common cold, flu, most coughs and sore throats. Antibiotics aren't routinely prescribed for mild bacterial infections. This is because the immune system can usually clear these on it's own.
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