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Each question has a helpful note written by an examiner. Great for revision. Teachers can control access to this quiz for their groups in the 'student access' section. Students - If this is an assignment - remember to click the "SUBMIT" button at the end so your teacher can see you have finished. The 'Cell theory' states that all living things are made of cells. Which of the statements below also form part of the 'cell theory'? Cells come from pre-existing cells. Cells are surrounded by a cell wall. Cells have a nucleus. Cells contain proteins. According to cell theory, living organisms are composed of cells. Check
Some people say that the cell theory isn't a good theory because there are exceptions. Which of the following could be considered an exception to cell theory? The theory of spontaneous generation has been disproved. Acetabularia algae are made from cells without a nucleus. Many plants contain Xylem vessels which are dead. Striated muscles are made from elongated cells with multiple nuclei. Exceptions to cell theory are : multinucleated striated muscle the giant single celled Acetabularia algae? Check
There are seven processes which are said to be possessed by all living things. This venus fly trap has just caught an unfortunate fly. The fly is trying to escape from the trap.  Which characteristic of living things, shared by both plants and insects, is illustrated by the action in this photo? Growth. Excretion. Reproduction. Response to the environment. The characteristics of living things (Mr H. Gren - metabolism, response, homeostasis, growth, reproduction, excretion & nutrition) The fly is responding to the closing trap, and the trap has responded to the presence of the fly. Check
Which ratio is thought to limit the size of cells? DNA to cytoplasm volume ratio. Surface area to volume ratio. DNA to RNA ratio. Respiration to oxygen ratio. Surface area to volume ratio is important in the limitation of cell size. Check
When muscle cells form cardiac muscle tissue in the heart they can pump blood. If you only ever studied individual cardiac muscle cells you would never see the blood pumping properties. What is this type of property called? A peripheral property. An emergent property. A powerful property. An integral property Multicellular organisms have properties that emerge from the interaction of their cellular components. (Emergent properties) Check
A single stem cell can form a range of different daughter cells. By condensation reactions cells join together forming tissue. Using cell apoptosis cells change. Mitosis causes stem cells to multiply and change. By controlling the expression of genes stem cells differentiate. Specialised tissues can develop by cell differentiation in multicellular organisms. Differentiation involves the expression of some genes and not others in a cell.
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Which of the following are special properties of stem cells which make them so useful for new medical treatments? They are very small and can be frozen to preserve them. They can divide, and differentiate along different pathways They are large and difficult to damage. They can make antibodies to protect against disease. Stem cells can divide and this help researchers to grow them in the lab. They can differentiate along different pathways in embryonic development which makes stem cells useful for therapeutic uses (e.g. Stargardt's disease) because they can be grown into many different tissues. Check
The electron microscope image below shows a scale bar marked with 10µm. It has been measured to be 3.5cm (i.e. 35 mm) long by a student using the rule shown. What is the magnification of the image? x350 x3300 x330 x3500 Calculate the magnification of an electron microscope image from a scale bar? Convert the ruler measurement to the same units written on the scale bar, then divide the ruler measurement by the number on the scale bar. Check
The image below shows a small food vacuole in a cell. Using the scale bar, estimate the diameter of the vacuole. Which answer is the best estimate 5.0 nm 50 µm 7.5 µm 5.2 µm Calculate specimen size using a scale bar? You can often estimate the size using the scale bar and your thumb? Check
The erythrocytes below were imaged using an electron microscope. The magnification is x3000 and the ruler measures the central cell as being 2 cm in diameter. Estimate the actual size of this erythrocyte. 6.6 µm 6000µm 60 µm 0.6µm Calculate specimen size using magnification? First change the size measurement into µm units = 20000µm Then divide by the magnification. 20000 / 3000 = 20 / 3 = 6.6 µm Check
Some people are excited about the potential benefits from stem cell research and other people have deep concerns. Which of the following is not a potential benefits of the use of stem cells? They could provide a treatment for type I diabetes. Human tissues could be grown to replace damaged tissues. Stem cell research is likely to save millions of dollars in the USA health care system. Heart attack damage could be repaired. There are ethical concerns about the use of embryo stem cells. The research is expensive, and potential treatments are also likely to be expensive, and probably not available to all. Many people who are against stem cells say that it is because cells are taken from human embryos, which have the potential for human live, and should be protected. There are other sources of stem cells, they argue. What best describes the flow of information in cells?The central dogma states that the pattern of information that occurs most frequently in our cells is: From existing DNA to make new DNA (DNA replication?) From DNA to make new RNA (transcription) From RNA to make new proteins (translation).
Which of the following correctly illustrates the flow of information in cells?The central dogma illustrates the flow of genetic information in cells, the DNA replication, and coding for the RNA through the transcription process and further RNA codes for the proteins by translation.
Which of the following sequences best represents the flow of genetic information in a cell?Thus, during expression of a protein-coding gene, information flows from DNA → RNA → protein. This directional flow of information is known as the central dogma of molecular biology.
Which of the following sequences best describes the flow of information that takes place when a gene directs the synthesis of a protein?Central dogma of biology
In this process, information flows from DNA → RNA → protein, a directional relationship known as the central dogma of molecular biology.
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Which of the following best describes the flow of information in cells?
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