Show Recommended textbook solutions
The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric2nd EditionLawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses 661 solutions
Technical Writing for Success3rd EditionDarlene Smith-Worthington, Sue Jefferson 468 solutions Technical Writing for Success3rd EditionDarlene Smith-Worthington, Sue Jefferson 468 solutions Technical Writing for Success3rd EditionDarlene Smith-Worthington, Sue Jefferson 468 solutions 1 If a horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant with a particularly desirable set of traits, which of the following would be her most probable and efficient route to establishing a line of such plants? B) Breed this plant with another plant with much weaker traits. C) Clone the plant. 2 Which of the following statements defines a genome? A) the complete set of an organism's polypeptides D) the complete set of an organism's genes and other DNA sequences 3 Asexual reproduction occurs during which of the following processes? A) meiosis D) the exchange of chromosomes between organisms of different species 4 Quaking aspen trees can send out underground stems for asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction is not as common, but when it does happen, the haploid gametes have 19 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in the cells of the underground stems? B) 10 5 Which of the following statements is correct in comparing sexual and asexual reproduction? A) Asexual reproduction, but not sexual reproduction, is characteristic of only plants and fungi. B) In sexual reproduction, individuals transmit half of their nuclear genes to each of their offspring. C) In asexual reproduction, offspring are produced by fertilization without meiosis. D) Asexual reproduction produces only haploid offspring. 6 At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in the preparation of a karyotype? C) anaphase 7 Which of the following statements is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16? C) Each diploid cell has eight homologous pairs of chromosomes. D) A gamete from this species has four chromosomes. 8 Eukaryotic sexual life cycles show tremendous variation. Which of the following characteristics do all sexual life cycles have in common?
A) I, II, and IV 9 Which of the following processes occurs in a plant's sexual life cycle? A) sporophytes produce gametes by meiosis D) sporophytes produce gametes by mitosis 10 Which of the following statements describes an example of alternation of generations? A) A grandparent and grandchild each have dark hair, but the parent has blond hair. C) A diploid animal produces gametes by meiosis,
and the gametes undergo fertilization to produce a diploid zygote. 11 A particular organism has 46 chromosomes in its karyotype. Which of the following statements is correct regarding this organism? C) It reproduces sexually. 12 A triploid cell contains three sets of homologous chromosomes. If a cell of a diploid species that normally has 42 chromosomes per cell is triploid, this cell would be expected to have which of the following sets of chromosomes? B) 63 chromosomes in 21 sets of 3 13 Which
of the following processes might produce a human zygote with 45 chromosomes? A) an error in meiotic anaphase occurring in either an egg or sperm D) incomplete cytokinesis during spermatogenesis after meiosis I 14 In a human karyotype, chromosomes are arranged in 23 pairs. If we choose one of these pairs, such as pair 14, which of the following do
the two chromosomes of the pair have in common? B) length, centromere position, and staining pattern only 15 In a human karyotype, chromosomes are arranged in 23 pairs. If we choose one of these pairs, such as pair 14, which of the following do the two
chromosomes of the pair have in common? B) length, centromere position, and staining pattern only 16 Which of the life cycles is typical for most fungi and some protists? A) I only D) I and II 17 In a life cycle such as that shown in part III of the figure above, if the zygote's chromosome number is ten, which of the following statements will be true? C) The sporophyte and gametophyte each have ten chromosomes per cell. D) The sporophyte and gametophyte each have five chromosomes per cell. 18 Which of the following characteristics do homologous chromosomes exhibit? A) They carry information for different traits. D) They align on the metaphase plate in meiosis II. 19 Many organisms spend most of their life cycle in the diploid state. If meiosis produces haploid cells, how is the diploid number restored for these types of
organisms? C) by synapsis of the homologous pairs of chromosomes during prophase of meiosis I D) by fertilization 20 Which of the following statements is correct regarding the human X chromosomes? A) It is present in every somatic cell of males and females. D) It is referred to as an autosome. 21 Which of the following statements correctly describes a karyotype? A) It is a display of all of the cell types in an organism. D) It is a display of a cell's mitotic stages. 22 If a cell has completed meiosis I and the first cytokinesis, and is
just beginning meiosis II, which of the following is an appropriate description of its genetic contents? C) It has one-fourth the DNA and one-half the chromosomes as the parent cell. D) It is genetically identical to another cell formed from the same meiosis I event. 23 The somatic cells of a privet shrub each contain a
total of 46 chromosomes. How do the chromosomes of this plant differ from the chromosomes of humans, who also have a total of 46? A) Privet shrub cells cannot reproduce sexually. 24 Which of
the following statements describes the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell after telophase of meiosis I? C) The cells are haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid. D) The cells are haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids. 25
How do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that are in prophase of meiosis I? C) The cells have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA. D) The cells have half the amount of cytoplasm and twice the amount of DNA. 26 Which of the following events happens
at the conclusion of meiosis I? A) Homologous chromosomes of a pair are separated from each other. D) Four daughter cells are formed. 27 During which of the following processes do sister chromatids separate from each other? A) during meiosis I only D) during both mitosis and meiosis II 28 Which of the following processes occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis? A) chromosome replication D) condensation of chromosomes 29 When chiasmata can first be seen in cells using a microscope, which of the following processes has most likely occurred? C) prophase I 30 For the following questions, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below.
V. Prophase II VI. Metaphase II VII.Anaphase II VIII. Telophase II 31) Homologous chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the spindle. A) I D) VI 31 For the following questions, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below.
V. Prophase II VI. Metaphase II VII.Anaphase II VIII. Telophase II Centromeres of sister chromatids disjoin and chromatids separate. A) III D) VII 32 Which sample of DNA might be from a cell that stopped the process of cell division in G0 phase of the cell cycle prior to meiosis? A) I D) either I or II 33 Which sample of DNA might represent an animal cell in the G2 phase of the cell cycle prior to meiosis? A) I D) both I and II 34 Which sample of DNA might represent a zygote? A) I D) either I or II 35 Somatic cells of roundworms have four individual chromosomes per cell. How many chromosomes would you expect to
find in an ovum from a roundworm? C) eight 36 Which of the following processes occur during meiosis but not mitosis? A) Haploid cells fuse to form diploid cells. D) A diploid cell combines with a haploid cell. 37 During which of the following phases of meiosis do homologous
chromosomes separate? A) anaphase II D) anaphase I 38 Which of the following statements describes a major difference between meiosis II and mitosis in a diploid animal? D) Crossing over of chromosomes takes place in meiosis II. 39 Which of the following statements describes a major difference between mitosis and meiosis I in a diploid organism? B) Sister chromatids separate in mitosis, while homologous pairs of chromosomes separate in meiosis II. 40 Crossing over of chromosomes normally takes place during which of the following processes? C) mitosis 41 Which of the following statements describes one characteristic of each chromosome in a cell during the entire process of meiosis I? C) Each chromosome consists of a single strand of DNA. 42 During which of the following processes do homologous pairs of chromosomes align adjacent to one another at the metaphase plate of a cell? C) telophase II of meiosis 43 During which of the following phases of meiosis do centromeres split and sister chromatids migrate to opposite poles of the cell? C) anaphase II 44 During which of the following processes does independent assortment of chromosomes occur? C) in mitosis and meiosis I 45 For a species with a haploid number of 23 chromosomes, how many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes are possible for the gametes based on the independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis? B) 46 46 Independent assortment of chromosomes is a result of which
of the following processes? A) the random way each pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at the metaphase plate during meiosis I C) the random distribution of the sister chromatids to the two daughter cells during anaphase II D) the diverse combination of alleles that may be found within any given chromosome 47 Which of the following processes occurs when homologous chromosomes cross
over in meiosis I? C) Corresponding segments of non-sister chromatids are exchanged. 48 How does natural selection apply to sexual reproduction as opposed to asexual reproduction? A) Sexual reproduction results in many new gene
combinations, some of which will lead to differential reproduction. C) Sexual reproduction allows the greatest number of offspring to be produced. D) Sexual reproduction utilizes far less energy than asexual reproduction. 49 The bulldog ant has a diploid number of two chromosomes. Therefore, following meiosis, each daughter cell will have a single chromosome. In addition to
mutations, how might genetic diversity be generated in this species? B) independent assortment only 50 Which of the following processes facilitates the fastest way for organisms to adapt to a changing environment? C) sexual reproduction 51 magine that there are 25 different species of protists living in a tide pool. Some of these species reproduce both sexually and asexually, and some of them can reproduce only asexually. The pool gradually becomes infested with disease-causing viruses and bacteria. Which species are more likely to thrive in the changing environment? A) The sexually reproducing species is likely to thrive. 52 In eukaryotes, genetic information is passed to the next generation by processes that include mitosis or meiosis. Which of the following explanations correctly identifies the process and supports the claim that heritable information is passed from one generation to another? B) Mitosis, followed by cytokinesis, produces daughter cells that are genetically different from the parent cell, thus insuring variation within the population. D) Single-celled organisms can fuse their cells, reproducing asexually through mitosis to form new cells that are not identical to the parent cell. 53 Genetic variation leads to genetic diversity in populations and is the raw material for evolution. Biological systems have multiple processes, such as reproduction, that affect genetic variation. They are evolutionarily conserved and shared by various organisms. Which of the following statements best represents the connection between reproduction and evolution? 54 A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a
Y chromosome is A) a sperm. D) a somatic cell of a male. 55 The two homologs of a pair move toward opposite poles of dividing cell during A) mitosis. D) fertilization. 56 Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that 57 If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G1 phase of the cell cycle is x, then the DNA content of the same cell at metaphase of meiosis I will be A) 0.25x. D) 2x. 58 If we continue to follow the cell lineage from question 4, then the DNA content of a single cell at metaphase of meiosis II will be C) x. What best describes a karyotype?A karyotype is an individual's complete set of chromosomes. The term also refers to a laboratory-produced image of a person's chromosomes isolated from an individual cell and arranged in numerical order. A karyotype may be used to look for abnormalities in chromosome number or structure.
What is karyotype quizlet?What is a karyotype? A karyotype is a test to identify and evaluate the size, shape, and number of chromosomes in a sample of body cells.
Which of the following is true regarding karyotypes?Which of the following is true regarding karyotypes? Karyotypes include all chromosomes, including autosomes and sex chromosomes.
Which of the following statements about karyotypes is incorrect?Answer and Explanation: The statement (b) All eukaryotic karyotypes contain 46 chromosomes is not true. A karyotype is a display diagram of chromosomes collected from a...
|