What is LAN MAN and WAN network?

The Network allows computers to connect and communicate with different computers via any medium. LAN, MAN, and WAN are the three types of the network designed to operate over the area they cover. There are some similarities and dissimilarities between them.

Table of Contents Show

Content: LAN Vs MAN Vs WAN
Comparison Chart
Definition of Local Area Network
Definition of Metropolitan Area Network
Definition of Wide Area Network
Key Differences Between LAN, MAN and WAN
Types of Computer Network
1. Local Area Network (LAN)
2. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
3. Wide area network (WAN)
Advantages of WAN:
Disadvantages of WAN:

One of the significant differences is in the geographical area they cover, i.e. LAN covers the smallest area; MAN covers an area larger than LAN and WAN comprises the largest of all.

Furthermore, LAN networks rely on the hardware and communication devices owned by them for the transmission. As against, this could not be possible in case of MAN and WAN which are obliged to use public, private, leased communication hardware as these networks are spanned across a magnificent area.

Content: LAN Vs MAN Vs WAN

Comparison Chart
Definition
Key Differences
Conclusion

Comparison Chart

BASIS OF COMPARISON	LAN	MAN	WAN
Expands to	Local Area Network	Metropolitan Area Network	Wide Area Network
Meaning	A network that connects a group of computers in a small geographical area.	It covers relatively large region such as cities, towns.	It spans large locality and connects countries together. Example Internet.
Ownership of Network	Private	Private or Public	Private or Public
Design and maintenance	Easy	Difficult	Difficult
Propagation Delay	Short	Moderate	Long
Speed	High	Moderate	Low
Fault Tolerance	More Tolerant	Less Tolerant	Less Tolerant
Congestion	Less	More	More
Used for	College, School, Hospital.	Small towns, City.	Country/Continent.
Allows	Single pair of devices to communicate.	Multiple computers can simultaneously interact.	A huge group of computers communicate at the same time.

Definition of Local Area Network

LAN or Local Area Network links network devices in such a way that personal computer and workstations can share data, tools and programs. Data transmits at a very fast rate as the number of computers linked are limited. LAN’s cover a smaller geographical area and are privately owned. One can use it for an office building, home, hospital, schools, etc. LAN is easy to design and maintain.

A Communication medium used for LAN has twisted pair cables and coaxial cables. It covers a short distance, and so the error and noise are minimized. LAN can be configured in the ring, bus and star topology. The ring topology is prevalent in the Token Ring LANs of IBM and bus is widespread in Token Bus and Ethernet LANs.

It is a broadcast network where the message is sent to all the connected hosts as all the host share the same transmission medium (wire). Broadcasting can be done in two ways statically and dynamically. In the static technique, the hosts are provided with a definite time slice for transmitting the information. While in the dynamic method the hosts can flexibly send the frame at any particular time.

Definition of Metropolitan Area Network

MAN or Metropolitan area Network covers a larger area than that of a LAN and smaller area as compared to WAN. It connects two or more computers that are apart but resides in the same or different cities. It covers a large geographical area and may serve as an ISP (Internet Service Provider). It’s hard to design and maintain a Metropolitan Area Network.

It is costly and may or may not be owned by a single organization. The data transfer rate of MAN is moderate.

Types of MAN

MAN can be categorised into two types: DQDB and SMDS.

DQDB (Distributed Queue Dual Bus): It is considered as a dual bus configuration refers that each host in the network would be linked to the two backbone network lines.
SMDS (Switched Multimegabit Data Services): SMDS connects different LANs and permits packets to transfer to any other LAN on the SMDS. It is a high-speed MAN which uses packet switching as a datagram service.

Definition of Wide Area Network

WAN or Wide Area Network is a computer network that spans over a large geographical area. A WAN could be a connection of LAN connecting to other LAN’s via telephone lines and radio waves.

Wide Area Network may or may not be privately owned. A Communication medium used for wide area network is PSTN or Satellite Link. Due to long-distance transmission, the noise and error tend to be more in WAN. Propagation delay is one of the biggest problems faced here.

Unlike LAN, WAN uses switching that allows multiple computers to connect with several switches instead of connecting with each other. It also uses the store-and-forward concept to transmit packets, where packets are stored in a buffer on a temporary basis then forwarded to the destination by following the predefined path.

Key Differences Between LAN, MAN and WAN

The geographical area covered by LAN is small, whereas, MAN covers relatively large and WAN covers the greatest of all.
LAN is confined to schools, hospitals or buildings, whereas, MAN connects small towns or Cities and on the other hand, WAN covers Country or a group of Countries.
Devices used for transmission of data are- LAN: WiFi, Ethernet Cables. MAN: Modem and Wire/Cable
WAN: Optic wires, Microwaves, Satellites.
LAN’s transmit data at a faster rate than MAN and WAN.
Maintenance of LAN is easier than that of MAN and WAN.
The bandwidth available for transmission is higher in LAN than MAN and WAN.
Data transmission errors and noise are least in LAN, moderate in MAN and high in WAN.

Conclusion

There are many advantages of LAN over MAN and WAN, such as LAN’s provide excellent reliability, high data transmission rate, they can easily be managed and shares peripheral devices too.

Local Area Network cannot cover cities or towns and for that Metropolitan Area Network is needed, which can connect the city or a group of cities. Further, for connecting Country or a group of Countries, one requires a Wide Area Network.

A computer network is a group of computers connected with each other through a transmission medium such as cable, wire etc. In this guide, we will discuss the types of computer networks in detail.

Types of Computer Network

There are mainly three types of computer networks based on their size: 1. Local Area Network (LAN) 2. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

3. Wide area network (WAN)

1. Local Area Network (LAN)

1. Local area network is a group of computers connected with each other in a small places such as school, hospital, apartment etc. 2. LAN is secure because there is no outside connection with the local area network thus the data which is shared is safe on the local area network and can’t be accessed outside. 3. LAN due to their small size are considerably faster, their speed can range anywhere from 100 to 100Mbps.

4. LANs are not limited to wire connection, there is a new evolution to the LANs that allows local area network to work on a wireless connection.

2. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

MAN network covers larger area by connections LANs to a larger network of computers. In Metropolitan area network various Local area networks are connected with each other through telephone lines. The size of the Metropolitan area network is larger than LANs and smaller than WANs(wide area networks), a MANs covers the larger area of a city or town.

3. Wide area network (WAN)

Wide area network provides long distance transmission of data. The size of the WAN is larger than LAN and MAN. A WAN can cover country, continent or even a whole world. Internet connection is an example of WAN. Other examples of WAN are mobile broadband connections such as 3G, 4G etc.

Advantages of WAN:

Centralized infrastructure: One of the main advantage of WAN is the that we do not need to maintain the backup and store data on local system as everything is stored online on a data centre, from where we can access the data through WAN.

Privacy: We can setup the WAN in such a way that it encrypts the data that we share online that way the data is secure and minimises the risk of unauthorized access.

Increased Bandwidth: With the WAN we get to choose the bandwidth based on the need, a large organization can have larger bandwidth that can carry large amount of data faster and efficiently.

Area: A WAN can cover a large area or even a whole world though internet connection thus we can connect with the person in another country through WAN which is not possible is other type of computer networks.

Disadvantages of WAN:

Antivirus: Since our systems are connected with the large amount of systems, there is possibility that we may unknowingly download the virus that can affect our system and become threat to our privacy and may lead to data loss. Expensive: Cost of installation is very high.

Issue resolution: Issue resolution takes time as the WAN covers large area, it is really difficult to pin point the exact location where the issues raised and causing the problem.

Interconnection of Networks:
We have read LAN, MAN and WAN above, we also talked about internet. You can say that an internet is a combination of LAN, MAN and WAN.