Which of the following best describes the reproductive ability of C elegans following the ARD induced in the first experiment?

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Which of the following statements best describes the function of decomposers?

Possible Answers:

They break down decaying organisms

They perform the process of decomposition

Fungi and bacteria are common decomposers

Correct answer:

All of these

Explanation:

Decomposers are organisms that break down decaying organisms, thereby performing the process of decomposition. Common examples of decomposers include species of bacteria and fungi.

Carnivores can occupy which of the following places in the food chain?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Secondary consumer

Explanation:

Carnivores are organisms that consume meat—animal tissue—as a part of their diet; therefore, on the food chain, carnivores may occupy the secondary, tertiary, or quaternary consumer levels.

Recycling is an important component of a functioning ecosystem. Which of the following is an example of nutrient recycling?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Decomposition

Explanation:

Nutrient recycling specifically refers to the movement of materials within food webs and ecosystems that recycle them back into production. Nutrient recycling can be distinguished from biogeochemical cycles, like the water, nitrogen, and carbon cycles, which describe the exchange of matter through living and non-living components of the Earth.

Which of the following terms is used to describe the different levels of a food chain?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Trophic levels

Explanation:

Trophic level is the term used to a specific point on the food chain. An organism’s trophic level is the place they occupy in the food chain of a particular ecosystem.

Which of the following best represents a component of biodiversity?

Possible Answers:

Variety of organisms in an ecosystem

Genetic variation across the planet

Correct answer:

All of these

Explanation:

Biodiversity refers to the different types of life present on Earth. This can refer to the variety of species in an ecosystem, the genetic variation across the planet, and ecosystem variation.

Which of the following could be included in the diet of an omnivore?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

All of these

Explanation:

Omnivores are organisms that have a diet that includes of the ingestion of both plant and animal tissues. They have also been known to ingest bacteria and fungi.

Which of the following best explains how decomposition occurs?

Possible Answers:

Dissolution of tissues into water

Enzymatic breakdown of tissue 

Physical breakdown of tissue into smaller pieces to increase exposed surface area

Correct answer:

All of these

Explanation:

Decomposition has been classified into the following three types: leaching, fragmentation, and chemical breakdown. Leaching is described as the flow of water through tissue, allowing it to be dissolved by the water solvent. Fragmentation is the physical breakdown of tissue to increase surface area exposure to microbes. Finally, chemical breakdown is defined as an enzymatic digestion of tissue.

Which of the following best describes what the food web represents within an ecosystem?

Possible Answers:

Interconnected food chains

Cycle of nitrogen through an ecosystem

Correct answer:

Interconnected food chains

Explanation:

The food web presents a graphical representation of the interconnected food chains within an ecosystem. In other words, food chains illustrate the trophic levels of a particular ecosystem.

Which of the following best explains the difference between a detritivore and a decomposer?

Possible Answers:

Decomposers break down plant material while detritivores break down animal tissue

Decomposers ingest decomposing tissue while detritivores break it down

Detritivores ingest decomposing tissue while decomposers break it down

Detritivores break down plant material while decomposers break down animal tissue

Correct answer:

Detritivores ingest decomposing tissue while decomposers break it down

Explanation:

Both detritivores and decomposers play important roles in the food chain and energy exchanges within an ecosystem. Detritivores consume decomposing plant and animal tissue (i.e. vultures). Decomposers break down decomposing tissue using biochemical reactions rather than ingestion (i.e. fungi).

A certain species of mite lives on the back of a species of frog. The mite feeds on the mucous produced by the frog as a source of food. The frog is not harmed by the mite in any way and the mite benefits because a food source is constantly available. What type of relationship is this between the two organisms, the frog and the mite?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Commensalism

Explanation:

The relationship that is occurring between the frog and the mite is known as commensalism because although the mite is benefitting from the frog, the frog is neither harmed or benefitting. Commensalism occurs when one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed or helped in any way. Parasitism benefits one organism at the expense of another. Mutualism benefits both organisms. Symbiosis is the general term for a specific interaction between species.

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